01Houston Sleep Health

Understanding
Obstructive
Sleep Apnea.

Learn about the warning signs, health risks, and treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and how our five-step program helps guide diagnosis and ongoing care.

Understand your breathing. Take the next step.
Restful bedroom — illustrative placeholder
CLEAR ANSWERS. MORE RESTFUL NIGHTS.
02A clear path to care

Home of the
5-Step Program
for Snoring &
Sleep Apnea™

From your first conversation to ongoing follow-up, our team helps you understand your sleep and choose an approach suited to your diagnosis.

Start your evaluation
  1. 01
    YOUR CARE JOURNEY / 01

    Evaluation

    We review your background, medical history, and symptoms, and discuss what has been happening with your sleep.

  2. 02
    YOUR CARE JOURNEY / 02

    Testing

    When appropriate, sleep testing helps confirm whether sleep apnea is present and guides the next stage of your care.

  3. 03
    YOUR CARE JOURNEY / 03

    Choose Your Treatment

    We explain the available options and how they relate to your diagnosis, health, preferences, and daily routine.

  4. 04
    YOUR CARE JOURNEY / 04

    Start Treatment

    You begin the recommended treatment with support from our team. Treatment starts before the final follow-up step.

  5. 05
    YOUR CARE JOURNEY / 05

    Follow Up on Results

    We review your progress, check how treatment is working, and address comfort or equipment issues when they arise.

03What happens during sleep

Sleep Apnea
in Adults.

There are two primary types of sleep apnea: obstructive and central. In adults, an apnea is a pause in airflow lasting at least 10 seconds. Repeated breathing interruptions can fragment sleep, sometimes without a person noticing.

Understanding the type of sleep apnea matters because the cause and recommended treatment may differ.

Understanding the airway during sleep — illustrative placeholder
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

Obstructive sleep apnea

OSA occurs when the upper airway narrows or closes during sleep. Relaxed throat muscles, the tongue, and surrounding soft tissues can contribute to the blockage, reducing or stopping airflow.

These episodes may happen repeatedly throughout the night, briefly disrupting sleep as breathing resumes.

BREATHING SIGNALS

Central sleep apnea

Central sleep apnea involves a disruption in the signals that control breathing effort. The interruption is different from the physical airway blockage seen in OSA.

It can be associated with conditions such as heart failure or stroke, opioid medicines, and exposure to high altitude. A sleep specialist evaluates the cause.

04Know what to notice

Recognize the
Warning Signs.

Symptoms can show up at night and carry into the next day. Someone who sleeps nearby may notice breathing changes before you do.

  • Loud snoring

    Persistent snoring, particularly when interrupted by pauses and followed by gasping.

  • Daytime sleepiness

    Falling asleep at inappropriate times or struggling to stay alert.

  • Concentration & mood

    Memory difficulties, trouble concentrating, irritability, or depression.

  • Morning discomfort

    Headaches, dry mouth, or a sore throat after waking; mention other symptoms such as nausea to your clinician.

  • Nighttime urination

    Frequent trips to the bathroom or new bedwetting warrant discussion with a clinician.

  • Sexual health changes

    Reduced interest in sex or erectile difficulties can accompany sleep problems.

Nighttime awakenings — illustrative placeholder
05Sleep and nighttime urination

Frequent Bathroom Trips.
Interrupted Sleep.

Waking during the night to urinate is called nocturia. It can occur with sleep apnea, but it can also have other causes.

For some people with both conditions, treating sleep apnea may reduce nighttime bathroom visits. An evaluation can help identify which factors are affecting your sleep.

Mention the whole picture.

Tell your clinician about bathroom visits, snoring, witnessed breathing pauses, and how you feel during the day.

06Questions worth asking

Does This
Sound Familiar?

Use these questions to start a conversation with your sleep specialist. Symptoms alone do not confirm OSA; an evaluation and, when appropriate, sleep testing are needed.

Discuss your symptoms
  • 01Do you snore most nights?
  • 02Do you wake suddenly, sweating, choking, or gasping for air?
  • 03Do you wake with a headache or sore throat?
  • 04Do you fight sleepiness during the day, at work, or while driving?
  • 05Do you feel irritable or notice memory and concentration problems?
  • 06Do you have obesity, acid reflux, or high blood pressure?
07The effects can last all day

A Full Night in Bed.
Still Feeling Tired?

When breathing is interrupted, the body may briefly wake to restore airflow. These awakenings can be so short that you do not remember them, yet repeated disruptions can leave you tired the next day—even after a nap.

Snoring can signal a partly blocked airway, but it does not establish a diagnosis by itself. Ask a bed partner whether they have noticed pauses, gasping, or changes in your breathing.

DAYTIME ALERTNESS MATTERS

Sleepiness can affect driving safety.

Untreated OSA can impair attention and increase crash risk. If you feel sleepy behind the wheel, stop driving and arrange a safe alternative. Discuss persistent daytime sleepiness with your clinician.

Learn about sleep testing
08Beyond snoring

OSA and
Your Overall Health.

Untreated OSA is associated with health concerns that extend beyond a disrupted night. Your sleep and medical history help guide a complete evaluation.

OSA and atrial fibrillation

OSA and atrial fibrillation (AFib) often occur together. Sleep-related breathing disturbances can place stress on the cardiovascular system.

If you have AFib, discuss sleep symptoms with your care team. Managing OSA may be part of coordinated care, but treatment does not guarantee that AFib will resolve or stay away.

OSA and sexual health

Reduced libido and erectile dysfunction can occur alongside sleep apnea. These concerns can also have other medical or psychological causes.

A private conversation with your clinician can help identify contributing factors and appropriate next steps.

Potential consequences of untreated OSA

These associations are reasons to seek care, not a prediction of what will happen to any one person.

  • Sleepiness that affects work and social life
  • Reduced sexual interest or erectile difficulties
  • Mood symptoms, including depression
  • Increased risk of motor vehicle accidents
  • High blood pressure
  • Heart disease and heart attack
  • Stroke
  • Type 2 diabetes
09Treatment that fits your diagnosis

Explore Your
Treatment Options.

Treatment can improve sleep-related symptoms and support your health. The right approach depends on the severity of OSA, your symptoms, medical history, airway anatomy, and individual needs.

Houston Sleep Health helps you understand the options so you can make an informed decision. Your care may include one approach or a combination of treatments.

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Sleep position & habits

Sleeping on your side may help selected people whose snoring or airway obstruction is worse on their back. Your clinician may also discuss head elevation and sleep habits. These measures do not replace evaluation or other prescribed treatment.

Explore this option
Supported weight management — illustrative placeholder

Weight management

When excess weight contributes to airway narrowing, weight management may be part of your care. Fatigue and disrupted sleep can make routines and appetite harder to manage. A supported plan addresses your health and sleep together.

Explore this option
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CPAP / PAP therapy

PAP delivers air through a mask to help hold the airway open during sleep. Mask fit and pressure settings are individualized. Our team can review comfort, equipment, and treatment data; the time needed to adjust varies from person to person.

Explore this option
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Custom oral appliances

An oral appliance can move the lower jaw forward to help keep the airway open. It may suit selected people with OSA. A sleep physician and qualified dental provider coordinate fitting, adjustment, and follow-up; a generic mouthguard is not a substitute.

Explore this option
Weight management and GLP-1 — illustrative placeholder

Weight-loss medicines

For eligible people with obesity and OSA, medication may be considered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. Your clinician reviews the specific medicine, indication, potential benefits, side effects, and how it fits with other care.

Explore this option
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Hypoglossal nerve stimulation

An implanted device stimulates a nerve that controls tongue movement to help maintain an open airway. Options such as Inspire and Genio require a specialist evaluation and specific eligibility criteria. Your physician can discuss whether an implant is suitable.

Explore this option

Having trouble adjusting to treatment?

Tell us about discomfort, mask leaks, persistent tiredness, or other concerns. Follow-up helps us assess effectiveness and discuss adjustments or alternatives. Do not change or stop prescribed therapy without speaking with your clinician.

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10When specialist evaluation is needed

Upper Airway
Surgery.

Surgery may be considered for selected patients. Depending on the airway anatomy, a procedure may remove obstructing tissue or reposition the jaw to create more space for breathing.

Suitability and results vary with the procedure, anatomy, and severity of OSA. Your sleep specialist can explain how surgery compares with PAP or other options and arrange an appropriate specialist referral.

Follow-up remains important to determine whether sleep apnea is adequately controlled after treatment.

Discuss your treatment options
11Keep these points in mind

Fast Facts.
Clearer Perspective.

  • Repeated airway blockage can interrupt sleep many times during the night.
  • A person may not remember the brief awakenings caused by OSA.
  • Loud snoring is a reason to discuss sleep health, but it is not a diagnosis.
  • Daytime fatigue, sleepiness, and irritability can be signs of disrupted sleep.
  • Treatment is individualized; PAP, oral appliances, and other options serve different needs.
  • Follow-up helps confirm whether treatment is effective and comfortable enough to use consistently.
13Houston Sleep Health

Take the First Step
Toward Better Sleep.

If you notice snoring, breathing pauses, or daytime sleepiness, our team can help you understand what may be happening and whether sleep testing is appropriate.

Start a conversation about your symptoms, treatment options, and the next step in your care.

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